Discourse function is merely a fancy way to address sentence clause types.
We use varying sentences in different ways to communicate to one another. The first and most used way is through Declarative Sentences.
Declarative sentences are used to convey information. These can be noted when we give and receive information. For example:
The light is on.
The chair is red.
The curtains need to be washed.
All the above sentences are used to communicate information in an easily understood way.
Interrogative Clauses is used when the speaker wants information from the one they are communicating to. These are forms of questions in which we seek answers. For example:
Did you cook dinner?
Is the screen broken?
Imperative sentences are sentences that we use to command or instruct. They are sentences that expect an reaction by the listener. For example:
Close the cabinets.
Read your book.
Be nice.
Exclamative sentences are used when expressing oneself or to add emphasis. For example:
That is a beautiful dress!
Stop that!
We won!
All these clauses are ways in which we communicate to one another. Each requires a speaker and a listener in order to give and receive the information being conveyed. Many of these are used everyday by native English speakers without any issues other than they may or may not be able to identify the type of clause that is being used. Hopefully, this assisted some in clearing that up.
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